The Internet of Things (IoT) has become pervasive in our daily lives. They are deployed in our houses, clinics, and external to monitor and report environmental deviations, avoid fires, and perform several other useful functions. These profits can come with significant risks of loss of privacy and security concerns. A lot of research has been done to find the best way to address these issues and mitigate these hazards, or minimalize the impact on user privacy and security necessities, to secure IoT devices. The study comprises 4 parts. The initial part looks at the most pertinent restrictions of IoT devices and their resolutions. The other presents a type of IoT attack. The next part focuses on validation and verification control mechanisms and architectures. The final part analyses security issues at various levels.